CellWell record HH-239457
Effects of prenatal maternal smoking on placental IGF-1, leptin, and HPL expression and breastfeeding practices
Hayrunnisa Yeşil Sarsmaz; Seren Gülşen Gürgen; Kemal Sarsmaz; Oya Sayın
2026
In plain language
Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with lower placental expression of growth-regulating hormones (IGF-1, leptin, HPL) and altered breastfeeding practices compared to non-smokers.
- Evidence
- Emerging
- Design
- Primary research (design unspecified)
Cite this record: https://thecellwell.org/studies/HH-239457
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